Ukuze kuncishiswe ukungcola kwamanje kwe-pulse okubangelwa isithando somlilo esiphakathi, i-China yamukele ubuchwepheshe bokubuyisela kabusha i-pulse, futhi yathuthukisa imishini yesithando somlilo ephakathi nendawo efana ne-6-pulse, 12-pulse, kanye ne-24-pulse intermediate intermediate furnaces, kodwa. ngenxa yokuthi izindleko zalokhu kwakamuva ziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa Ziphezulu, izinkampani eziningi zokwenza insimbi zisancibilikisa izinto zensimbi kumafurnace aphakathi kwama-pulse angu-6, futhi inkinga yokungcoliswa kwe-pulse yamanje ayinakunakwa.Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamasu okuphatha ama-harmonics wesithando somlilo: enye uhlelo lokuphatha lokusiza, okungenye yezindlela zokuqeda izinkinga zamanje ze-harmonic, futhi kuyisinyathelo sokuvimbela ukuvimbela ukuhambisana kwe-harmonic ama-frequency induction furnaces.Nakuba indlela yesibili ingabhekana nenkinga eyandayo engathi sína yokungcoliswa kwemvelo okuvumelanayo ngezindlela eziningi, ezithandweni zokungenisa imvamisa ezimaphakathi ezisetshenziswa njengamanje, indlela yokuqala kuphela engasetshenziswa ukunxephezela ama-harmonics atholakalayo.Leli phepha lixoxa ngesimiso sesithando somlilo se-IF kanye nezinyathelo zayo zokulawula i-harmonic, futhi liphakamisa isihlungi samandla asebenzayo (APF) ukuze sinxephezele futhi silawule ama-harmonics ezigabeni ezahlukene zesithando somlilo se-6-pulse IF.
Isimiso sikagesi sesithando somlilo esiphakathi nendawo.
Isithando somlilo esiphakathi siwumshini wokushisa wensimbi osheshayo futhi ozinzile, futhi imishini yawo eyinhloko iwukunikezwa kwamandla okuvama okuphakathi.Ukunikezwa kwamandla kwesithando somlilo esimaphakathi ngokuvamile kusebenzisa indlela yokuguqula i-AC-DC-AC, futhi imvamisa yamandla okufakwayo eshintshashintshayo yamanje iwumphumela wamanje oshintshashintshayo wamafrikhwensi amaphakathi, futhi ukuguqulwa kwefrikhwensi akunqunyelwe imvamisa yegridi yamandla.Umdwebo webhulokhi lesifunda uboniswa kuMfanekiso 1:
Emfanekisweni 1, umsebenzi oyinhloko wengxenye yesekethe ye-inverter ukuguqula i-AC yezigaba ezintathu zezentengiselwano zokuhambisa amandla nomhlinzeki wokusabalalisa ibe yamanje ye-AC, okuhlanganisa isekethe yokuphakelwa kwamandla yomhlinzeki wokudlulisa nokusabalalisa amandla, isilungisi sebhuloho. isifunda, isifunda sesihlungi kanye nesifunda sokulawula isilungisi .Umsebenzi oyinhloko wengxenye ye-inverter ukuguqula i-AC yamanje ibe yisigaba esisodwa se-high-frequency AC current (50~10000Hz), okuhlanganisa i-inverter power circuit, i-start power circuit, kanye ne-load power circuit.Okokugcina, isigaba esisodwa esishintshashintshayo se-medium-frequency ku-coil yokungeniswa esithandweni sikhiqiza inkambu kazibuthe eshintshashintshayo ye-medium-frequency, ebangela ukuthi inkokhiso esithandweni ikhiqize amandla e-electromotive yokungeniswa, ikhiqize amandla amakhulu e-eddy ekushajeni, futhi ishisa ukushaja ukuze incibilike.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Harmonic
Ama-harmonics ajovwe kugridi yamandla amandla okunikezwa kwamandla okuvama okumaphakathi ngokuvamile avela kudivayisi yokulungisa kabusha.Lapha sithatha isigaba sesithupha sokulawula okugcwele kwebhuloho lesifunda njengesibonelo sokuhlaziya okuqukethwe kwama-harmonics.Ukunganaki yonke inqubo yokudlulisa isigaba kanye nokushayeka kwamanje kwesekethe ye-thyristor inverter yezigaba ezintathu zeketango lokukhishwa komkhiqizo, kucatshangwa ukuthi ukusabela kohlangothi lwe-AC kunguziro futhi i-AC inductance ayinamkhawulo, kusetshenziswa indlela yokuhlaziya i-Fourier, uhhafu ongemuhle nenhle. Amagagasi amagagasi angaba Isikhungo sendilinga sisetshenziswa njengephuzu lesikhathi elinguziro, futhi ifomula itholakala ukubala i-voltage yesigaba sohlangothi lwe-AC.
Kufomula: I-Id iyinani elimaphakathi le-DC eseceleni yamanje yesekethe yesilungisi.
Kungabonakala kufomula engenhla ukuthi ku-6-pulse intermediate intermediate furnace, ingakwazi ukukhiqiza inombolo enkulu ye-5th, 7th, 1st, 13th, 17th, 19th kanye namanye ama-harmonics, angafingqwa ngokuthi 6k ± 1 (k i-positive Integer) ama-harmonics, inani elisebenzayo le-harmonic ngayinye lihambisana ngokuphambene nokuhleleka kwe-harmonic, futhi isilinganiso senani elisebenzayo eliyisisekelo liwukuphindaphinda kokuhleleka kwe-harmonic.
Isakhiwo sesifunda sesithando somlilo esiphakathi.
Ngokusho kwezingxenye ezihlukene zokugcina amandla e-DC, izithando zomlilo eziphakathi nendawo ngokuvamile zingahlukaniswa zibe uhlobo lwamanje lwamafrikhwensi aphakathi nendawo kanye nohlobo lwamandla kagesi aphakathi nendawo.Isici sokugcina amandla sohlobo lwamanje lwesithando somlilo esiphakathi siyi-inductor enkulu, kuyilapho into yokugcina amandla yohlobo lwe-voltage yesithando somlilo esiphakathi siyi-capacitor enkulu.Kukhona omunye umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili, njengokuthi: isithando somlilo esiphakathi sohlobo lwamanje silawulwa yi-thyristor, isifunda se-resonance resonance i-parallel resonance, kuyilapho isithando somlilo esiphakathi sohlobo lwe-voltage silawulwa yi-IGBT, kanye nesekethe ye-resonance yomthwalo. i-resonance yochungechunge.Ukwakheka kwayo okuyisisekelo kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 2 nakuMfanekiso 3.
isizukulwane se-harmonic
Okubizwa ngokuthi ama-harmonics e-oda eliphezulu abhekisela ezingxenyeni ezingenhla kwenombolo ephelele yokuphindaphinda kwefrikhwensi eyisisekelo etholwe ngokubola uchungechunge lwe-AC Fourier lwe-non-sinusoidal, oluvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-harmonics e-oda eliphezulu.Imvamisa (50Hz) Ingxenye yefrikhwensi efanayo.Ukuphazanyiswa kwe-Harmonic “inkathazo yomphakathi” enkulu ethinta ikhwalithi yamandla yesistimu yamandla yamanje.
Ama-Harmonics anciphisa ukudluliswa nokusetshenziswa kobunjiniyela bamandla, enze okokusebenza kukagesi kushise ngokweqile, abangele ukudlidliza nomsindo, enze ungqimba olufakwayo luwohloke, lunciphise impilo yesevisi, futhi lubangele amaphutha avamile nokutubeka.Khulisa okuqukethwe kwe-harmonic, shisa imishini yesinxephezelo ye-capacitor nezinye izinto zokusebenza.Esimeni lapho isinxephezelo sokungasebenzi singeke sisetshenziswe, izinhlawulo zokungavumelekile zizotholwa futhi izikweletu zikagesi zizokhuphuka.I-high-order pulse currents izodala ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamadivayisi okuvikela ukudluliselwa kanye namarobhothi ahlakaniphile, futhi ukukalwa okunembile kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzodideka.Ngaphandle kwesistimu yokuphakelwa kwamandla, ama-harmonics anomthelela omkhulu emishinini yokuxhumana nemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi.I-overvoltage yesikhashana kanye ne-overvoltage yesikhashana ekhiqiza ama-harmonics kuzocekela phansi ungqimba lwemishini nemishini, kubangele amaphutha ezigaba ezintathu zesiyingi esifushane, futhi i-harmonic yamanje kanye ne-voltage yama-transformer awonakele izokhiqiza ngokwengxenye i-resonance ewuchungechunge nokuzwakala okufanayo kunethiwekhi yamandla omphakathi. , okubangela izingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha.
Isithando somlilo sikagesi esiyimvamisa emaphakathi siwuhlobo lokunikezwa kwamandla okuvama okuphakathi, okuguqulwa kube imvamisa emaphakathi ngokunemba kanye ne-inverter, futhi sikhiqize inani elikhulu lama-harmonics asezingeni eliphezulu ayingozi kugridi yamandla.Ngakho-ke, ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yamandla eziko se-intermediate frequency sekuyinto ehamba phambili yocwaningo lwesayensi.
uhlelo lokubusa
Inombolo enkulu yoxhumo lwedatha yeziko lemvamisa emaphakathi ikhulise ukungcoliswa kwe-pulse kwamanje kwegridi yamandla.Ucwaningo lokulawulwa kwe-harmonic yezithando zomlilo eziphakathi nendawo seluyinto ephuthumayo, futhi selwaziswa kakhulu yizazi.Ukuze wenze umthelela wama-harmonics akhiqizwe isithando somlilo esivama kugridi yomphakathi ihlangabezane nezidingo zohlelo lokuphakelwa kukagesi nokusabalalisa impahla yomhlaba wezohwebo, kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo ezinqala zokuqeda ukungcoliswa kwe-harmonic.Izinyathelo zokuphepha ezisebenzayo zimi kanje.
Okokuqala, i-transformer isebenzisa iphethini ye-Y/Y/yokuxhuma.Esikhaleni esikhulu somlilo wokungenisa imvamisa emaphakathi, isiguquli esishintshayo esingaqhumi sisebenzisa indlela yezintambo engu-Y/Y/△.Ngokushintsha indlela yokufaka izintambo ye-ballast ukuze ixhumane ne-AC side transformer, ingasusa isici se-high-order pulse current engekho phezulu.Kodwa izindleko ziphezulu.
Okwesibili ukusebenzisa isihlungi se-LC se-passive.Isakhiwo esiyinhloko ukusebenzisa ama-capacitor nama-reactors ochungechungeni ukwenza izindandatho zochungechunge lwe-LC, ezihambisanayo ohlelweni.Le ndlela ingeyendabuko futhi inganxephezela kokubili ama-harmonics nemithwalo esebenzayo.Inesakhiwo esilula futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi.Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwesinxephezelo kuthintwa yisici se-impedance yenethiwekhi nendawo yokusebenza, futhi kulula ukubangela i-parallel resonance nesistimu.Ingakwazi ukunxephezela kuphela imisinga ye-pulse emisiwe, futhi umphumela wokunxephezela awulungile.
Okwesithathu, ngokusebenzisa isihlungi esisebenzayo se-APF, ukucindezela okuphezulu kwe-harmonic kuyindlela entsha.I-APF iyidivayisi yesinxephezelo yamanje ye-dynamic pulse, enomklamo ophezulu wokwahlukanisa kanye nokusabela ngesivinini esikhulu, ingakwazi ukulandelela futhi inxephezele ama-pulse currents ngokushintsha kwemvamisa nokuqina, inokusebenza okuhle okuguquguqukayo, futhi ukusebenza kwesinxephezelo ngeke kuthikamezeke isici.Umthelela wesinxephezelo samanje muhle, ngakho waziswa kabanzi.
Isihlungi samandla asebenzayo sithuthukiswa ngokusekelwe ekuhlungeni okwenziwayo, futhi umphumela waso wokuhlunga muhle kakhulu.Ngaphakathi kwebanga lomthwalo wawo wamandla asebenzayo alinganiselwe, umphumela wokuhlunga ngu-100%.
Isihlungi samandla asebenzayo, okungukuthi, isihlungi samandla asebenzayo, isihlungi samandla asebenzayo se-APF sihlukile endleleni yesinxephezelo esingaguquki yesihlungi se-LC esivamile, futhi sibona isinxephezelo sokulandela ngomkhondo esiguqukayo, esinganxephezela ngokunembile ukuhambisana namandla asebenzayo osayizi nemvamisa.Isihlungi esisebenzayo se-APF singesomshini wesinxephezelo wamanje wohlobo lwe-high-order pulse.Iqapha umthamo wamanje ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusho kwesiguquli sangaphandle, ibala ingxenye yamanje ye-pulse high-order kumthamo wamanje ngokuya nge-DSP yangaphakathi, futhi ikhiphe isignali yedatha yokulawula kugesi we-inverter., Ukunikezwa kwamandla kwe-inverter kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-harmonic ye-oda eliphezulu enosayizi ofanayo nomthwalo wamanje we-harmonic we-oda eliphezulu, futhi i-harmonic ye-oda eliphezulu ehlehlayo ifakwa kugridi yamandla ukuze kugcinwe umsebenzi wokuhlunga osebenzayo.
Umgomo wokusebenza we-APF
Isihlungi esisebenzayo se-Hongyan sithola umthwalo wamanje ngesikhathi sangempela nge-CT ye-transformer yamanje yangaphandle, futhi sikhiphe ingxenye ye-harmonic yomthwalo wamanje ngokubala kwangaphakathi kwe-DSP, futhi iyiguqule ibe isignali yokulawula kuphrosesa yesignali yedijithali.Ngasikhathi sinye, iphrosesa yesiginali yedijithali ikhiqiza uchungechunge lwezimpawu zokuguquguquka kobubanzi be-pulse ye-PWM futhi izithumela kumojula yamandla yangaphakathi ye-IGBT, ilawula isigaba sokuphuma kwe-inverter ukuze sihluke ekuqondeni komthwalo wamanje we-harmonic, kanye nowamanje. nge-amplitude efanayo, ama-harmonic currents amabili aphikisana ncamashi.Offset, ukuze ufeze umsebenzi wokuhlunga ama-harmonics.
Izici zobuchwepheshe ze-APF
1. Ibhalansi yezigaba ezintathu
2. Isinxephezelo samandla asebenzayo, sinikeza isici samandla
3. Ngomsebenzi wokukhawulela wamanje ozenzakalelayo, akukho ukugcwala okuzokwenzeka
4. Isinxephezelo se-Harmonic, singahlunga i-2 ~ 50th ye-harmonic yamanje ngesikhathi esifanayo
5. Idizayini elula nokukhetha, kudingeka kuphela ukukala usayizi wamanje we-harmonic
6. Umjovo oguqukayo wesigaba esisodwa, awuthintwa ukungalingani kwesistimu
7. Impendulo ekulayisheni izinguquko phakathi kuka-40US, isikhathi sokuphendula esiphelele ngu-10ms (umjikelezo ongu-1/2)
Umphumela wokuhlunga
Izinga lokulawula i-harmonic liphezulu njenge-97%, futhi uhla lokulawula i-harmonic lubanzi njengezikhathi ze-2 ~ 50.
Indlela yokuhlunga ephephile futhi ezinzile;
Imodi yokulawula ephazamisayo ehamba phambili embonini, imvamisa yokushintsha iphezulu njengo-20KHz, okunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokuhlunga futhi kuthuthukisa kakhulu isivinini sokuhlunga kanye nokunemba kokukhiphayo.Futhi iveza ukuthikamezeka okungapheli kusistimu yegridi, engathinti ukungasebenzi kwesistimu yegridi;futhi i-waveform yokuphumayo inembile futhi ayinasici, futhi ngeke ithinte ezinye izinto zokusebenza.
Ukuvumelana nezimo kwemvelo okunamandla
Iyahambisana namajeneretha edizili, ithuthukisa ikhono lokuvimba amandla okusekela;
Ukubekezelela okuphakeme kokushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi kanye nokuhlanekezela;
Idivayisi ejwayelekile yokuvikela umbani ye-C-class, ithuthukisa amandla okumelana nezimo zezulu ezimbi;
Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-ambient linamandla, lifinyelela ku-20°C~70°C.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza
Imishini eyinhloko yenkampani ye-Foundry iyisithando somlilo sikagesi esiphakathi.Isithando somlilo esiphakathi nendawo siwumthombo ojwayelekile we-harmonic, okhiqiza inani elikhulu lama-harmonics, okwenza i-capacitor yesinxephezelo ihluleke ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile.Noma kunjalo, izinga lokushisa le-transformer lifinyelela ku-75 degrees ehlobo, okubangela ukuchithwa kwamandla kagesi futhi kufinyeze ukuphila kwayo.
Indawo yokusebenzela yokusungula yesithando somlilo esiphakathi inikwa amandla amandla kagesi angu-0.4KV, futhi umthwalo wayo oyinhloko isithando somlilo esiphakathi kwama-6-pulse rectification.Imishini yokulungisa ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lama-harmonics ngenkathi iguqula i-AC ibe yi-DC ngesikhathi somsebenzi, okuwumthombo ovamile we-harmonic;i-harmonic current ifakwa kugridi yamandla, i-Harmonic voltage ikhiqizwa ku-impedance yegridi, ibangele ugesi wegridi kanye nokuhlanekezela kwamanje, kuthinte ikhwalithi yokuphakelwa kwamandla kanye nokuphepha kokusebenza, okukhuphula ukulahleka kolayini kanye nokususwa kwe-voltage, futhi kube nomthelela omubi kugridi kanye imishini kagesi yemboni ngokwayo.
1. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-harmonic yesici
I-1) Idivayisi yokulungisa yesithando somlilo esiphakathi iwukulungiswa okulawulwayo okuyi-6-pulse;
2) Ama-harmonics akhiqizwe i-rectifier ayi-6K+1 ama-harmonics angajwayelekile.Uchungechunge lwe-Fourier lusetshenziselwa ukubola nokuguqula okwamanje.Kungabonakala ukuthi i-waveform yamanje iqukethe ama-harmonics aphezulu angu-6K±1.Ngokwedatha yokuhlola yesithando somlilo esiphakathi, i-harmonic Okuqukethwe kwamanje kwegagasi kukhonjiswe kuthebula elingezansi:
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokusebenza kwesithando somlilo esiphakathi, inani elikhulu lama-harmonics liyakhiqizwa.Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa nokubala kwesithando somlilo esiphakathi, ama-harmonics ayisici ngokuyinhloko yi-5, kanti i-7th, 11th, kanye ne-13th i-harmonic currents inkulu ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi ukuhlanekezela kwe-voltage kanye namanje kubi kakhulu.
2. I-Harmonic control scheme
Ngokwesimo sangempela sebhizinisi, i-Hongyan Electric iklame isethi ephelele yezixazululo zokuhlunga zokulawula i-harmonic yezithando zomlilo eziphakathi nendawo.Uma kucatshangelwa isici samandla omthwalo, izidingo zokumuncwa kwe-harmonic kanye nama-harmonics angemuva, isethi yamadivayisi okuhlunga asebenzayo afakwa ohlangothini lwe-voltage ephansi engu-0.4KV yesiguquli sebhizinisi.I-Harmonics ilawulwa.
3. Ukuhlaziya umphumela wokuhlunga
1) Idivayisi yokuhlunga esebenzayo isetshenziswa, futhi ilandelela ngokuzenzakalelayo izinguquko zemishini ehlukahlukene yokulayisha yesithando somlilo esiphakathi, ukuze i-harmonic ngayinye ihlungwe ngokuphumelelayo.Gwema ukutubeka okubangelwa i-parallel resonance ye-capacitor bank kanye nesekethe yesistimu, futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwekhabhinethi yesinxephezelo samandla asebenzayo;
I-2) Ama-harmonic currents athuthukisiwe ngokuphumelelayo ngemva kokwelashwa.I-harmonic currents yesi-5, yesi-7, neye-11 engazange isetshenziswe yeqiwe kakhulu.Isibonelo, i-harmonic ye-5 yamanje yehla ukusuka ku-312A kuya cishe ku-16A;i-7 ye-harmonic current yehla isuka ku-153A iye cishe ku-11A;i-harmonic current ye-11 yehla isuka ku-101A iye cishe ku-9A;Ukuvumelana nezinga likazwelonke le-GB/T14549-93 “I-Harmonics Yekhwalithi Yamandla Yegridi Yomphakathi”;
3) Ngemuva kokulawula i-harmonic, izinga lokushisa lokuguqulwa kwe-transformer liyancipha lisuka ku-75 degrees kuya ku-50 degrees, eligcina amandla amaningi kagesi, linciphisa ukulahlekelwa okwengeziwe kwe-transformer, linciphisa umsindo, lithuthukise umthamo womthwalo we-transformer, futhi lenze isikhathi eside. impilo yesevisi ye-transformer;
4) Ngemuva kokwelashwa, ikhwalithi yokuphakelwa kwamandla yesithando somlilo esiphakathi ithuthukiswa ngempumelelo, futhi izinga lokusebenzisa amandla kagesi amaphakathi liyathuthukiswa, elivumela ukusebenza okuphephile nomnotho kwesikhathi eside kohlelo kanye nokwenza ngcono izinzuzo zezomnotho;
5) Yehlisa inani elisebenzayo lamanje eligeleza emugqeni wokusabalalisa, uthuthukise isici samandla, futhi uqede ama-harmonics ageleza emugqeni wokusabalalisa, ngaleyo ndlela wehlise kakhulu ukulahleka komugqa, wehlise ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa kwentambo yokusabalalisa, futhi uthuthukise umthwalo. umthamo womugqa;
6) Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kabi noma ukwenqatshwa kwezisetshenziswa zokulawula kanye namadivayisi okuvikela ukudluliselwa, futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha nokuthembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla;
I-7) Ukunxephezela ukungalingani kwamanje kwezigaba ezintathu, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwethusi kwe-transformer kanye nolayini kanye ne-neutral current, futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yokunikezwa kwamandla;
I-8) Ngemuva kokuthi i-APF ixhunyiwe, ingaphinda ikhulise umthamo wokulayisha we-transformer kanye nezintambo zokusabalalisa, okulingana nokunwetshwa kwesistimu futhi kunciphise ukutshalwa kwezimali ekwandiseni uhlelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-13-2023